Final answer:
A multinational company is the type that delegates research to subsidiaries but retains control at the headquarters level, typically having a significant global impact and presence in various industries.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of company that delegates responsibility for research to operating subsidiaries while retaining overall control at the headquarters level is known as a multinational company (MNC). MNCs are corporate entities that operate in multiple countries, controlling the production of goods and services beyond their home nation's borders. They leverage global economic integration to expand their influence and typically have a significant impact on international affairs and state policy, particularly in trade, workers' rights, and the environment.
An example of an MNC operating as a conglomerate is Ford Motor Company, which produces a variety of products worldwide under one organizational umbrella. MNCs encompass a wide range of industries, including tech, oil, and finance, and are characterized by their vast wealth, power, and ability to lobby for favorable operating conditions.