Final answer:
Nursing diagnoses for urinary problems include Dysuria and Urinary incontinence, and the presence of proteins in urine signals potential kidney issues (option C).
Step-by-step explanation:
Some nursing diagnoses that identify urinary problems are Dysuria, which refers to painful or difficult urination, and Urinary incontinence, which is the loss of bladder control leading to the accidental leakage of urine. Additionally, the presence of a protein such as albumin in the urine is a cause for concern as it can indicate damage to the filtering units of the kidneys. Common causes of urinary system disorders include urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and conditions like uncontrolled diabetes and high blood pressure that can lead to kidney damage.
Hence, the answer is option C.