Question

Oldest and simplest of the five classical orders, developed in Greece in 7th century BCE & later imitated by the Romans, characterized by a fluted column having no base, a plain cushion-shaped capital supporting a square abacus, and an entablature consisting of a plain architrave, frieze triglyphs and metopes, and a cornice, the corona of which has mutules on its soffit. The columns are more slender and usu. have no base.

a. Ionic Order
b. Corinthian Order
c. Tuscan Order
d. Doric Order

Answer 1

The Doric order is recognized as the oldest classical order, characterized by slender fluted columns without bases, a plain cushion-shaped capital, triglyphs, and metopes in the entablature.

Step-by-step explanation:

The Doric Order in Classical Architecture

The Doric order is known as the oldest and simplest of the classical orders developed in ancient Greece around the 7th century BCE and later adopted by the Romans. Characterized by its fluted columns with no base, the Doric order features a simplistic design. The capital of this order is cushion-shaped, supporting a square abacus. Its entablature is comprised of three parts: a plain architrave, a frieze with triglyphs and metopes, and a cornice with mutules on its soffit. Additionally, the columns in the Doric order are notably more slender and typically lack a base. This style represents the aesthetic and architectural development in ancient Mediterranean civilization from using impermanent to permanent materials for monumental constructions.