Final Answer:
Shield volcanoes tend to have the shallowest (most gentle) slopes among the three types of volcanoes. (Option 1)
Step-by-step explanation:
Shield volcanoes are characterized by their broad, gently sloping profiles, resembling a warrior's shield laid on the ground. These volcanoes are typically formed by the eruption of low-viscosity basaltic lava, which flows more easily and can cover large areas before solidifying. The low viscosity of the lava allows it to spread out over greater distances, resulting in the gradual buildup of the shield volcano's broad slopes. The accumulation of numerous thin lava flows contributes to the overall gentle incline of the shield volcano.
In contrast, composite volcanoes, or stratovolcanoes, have steeper slopes. They are built by the alternating eruption of lava flows and pyroclastic materials such as ash and volcanic rocks. The interplay of these materials leads to a more conical shape with steeper sides compared to shield volcanoes. Cinder cones, on the other hand, are generally smaller in size and have steeper slopes due to the accumulation of ejected volcanic fragments, such as cinders and ash, during relatively short and explosive eruptions.
Understanding the factors influencing volcano shapes and slopes provides insights into the geological processes shaping the Earth's surface. The type of magma, eruption style, and the duration of volcanic activity all contribute to the distinct characteristics of shield, composite, and cinder cone volcanoes.(Option 1)