Final answer:
Photosynthesis, occurring in chloroplasts, produces oxygen and glucose, while cellular respiration, occurring in mitochondria, produces ATP, carbon dioxide, and water. Both processes are integral to plant life and are interconnected, with the outputs of one process serving as inputs for the other.
Step-by-step explanation:
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are two essential processes in the life of plants. Here's how the items match each description:
- Produces a necessary gas for humans. - This is a description of photosynthesis, which produces oxygen as a byproduct, a gas crucial for human respiration.
- Occurs in the chloroplasts. - This refers to photosynthesis, which takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
- Occurs in both plant and animal cells. - This is indicative of cellular respiration, a process that happens in the mitochondria of both plant and animal cells to produce ATP, the energy currency of the cell.
- Occurs in the mitochondria. - This is representative of cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down in the mitochondria to provide energy. Both processes are cyclical and interconnected. Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to create glucose and oxygen, which are then used in cellular respiration to produce ATP, carbon dioxide, and water. While photosynthesis only occurs in organisms with chloroplasts like plants, algae, and certain bacteria, cellular respiration occurs in all living organisms. Thus, the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interconnected, forming a cycle that sustains life on Earth by continuously converting energy from one form to another.