Final answer:
The correct statement about political geography today is that the number of countries has more than doubled in the past hundred years. This reflects a global trend towards self-determination following the decolonization wave after World War Two and the formation of new nations in the post-Cold War period.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which statement accurately describes political geography in our world today. The correct answer is A. The number of countries has more than doubled in the past hundred years. This dramatic increase can be seen in the wave of decolonization after World War Two and the continued emergence of nations seeking self-determination in the post-Cold War era.
Regarding option B, there has not been a decrease but rather an increase in self-determinism in the last seventy-five years which is evident in the number of new countries that have formed as colonial empires dissolved. As for option C, it is not accurate to say that the majority of alliances formed over the past fifty years are focused solely on militarism. Alliances such as the European Union are more focused on economic, political, and social agendas, beyond that of military concerns.
The past century has seen a significant transformation in terms of political geography and self-determinism, with shifts from colonial empires to national states and the establishment of various forms of government, such as unitary governments, federations, and confederations.