Final answer:
Petit jurors determine guilt or innocence in a trial based on evidence 'beyond a reasonable doubt', while grand jurors decide if sufficient evidence exists to charge an individual and proceed to trial. Petit jurors are part of a public process, while grand jury proceedings are closed.
Step-by-step explanation:
The roles and responsibilities of a juror on a petit jury and one on a grand jury are distinct in several key areas. A petit jury, also known as a trial jury, typically consists of twelve jurors and one or two alternates.
These jurors hear the evidence presented during a trial and are tasked with determining whether the defendant is guilty or innocent based on whether the evidence points toward guilt 'beyond a reasonable doubt'.
This process involves the jurors observing the trial, listening to witnesses, examining the evidence, and ultimately deliberating to reach a unanimous decision.
In contrast, a grand jury typically consists of 16 to 23 members and serves a different purpose. The grand jury's role is to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to charge an individual with a crime and proceed to trial.
They conduct this process in a closed setting, reviewing the evidence and testimony presented by the prosecutor. The grand jury does not determine guilt or innocence but instead decides if probable cause exists.
Both sets of jurors play crucial roles in the judicial process, ensuring that citizens' rights are protected and that the legal system functions with integrity.
While petit jurors directly affect the outcome of a trial, grand jurors impact whether a trial will take place at all. In fulfilling their duties, jurors exercise their civic responsibilities, contributing to the preservation of justice within a democracy.