Final answer:
The correct answer is B) Temperature, as it refers to the daily measure of how hot or cold it is, especially during summer when it tends to be hot. Climate is the average weather over a long period, and weather refers to the short-term atmospheric conditions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The answer to the student's question, "The __ is usually very hot in the summer," is B) Temperature. The temperature specifically refers to how hot or cold the environment is, typically measured in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. During the summer season, we often experience an increase in temperature, resulting in hot weather. In contrast, climate represents the long-term average weather patterns of a particular region, which includes temperature but also encompasses precipitation, humidity, and other atmospheric conditions. Weather refers to the short-term state of the atmosphere, which can change daily. An example of a weather event would be an unusually warm day where temperatures are reported as high as 45 °C. In type C climate regions like those found in Sydney, Melbourne, and Adelaide in Australia, average summer temperatures remain around 70 °F, whereas climate type A, typical in the tropics, has warm temperatures year-round along with high precipitation levels.