Final answer:
The correct equations that represent the statements are B: y = 5x and C: x + y = 10, which describe a situation where the sum of two numbers is 10 and the second number is five times the first number.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student is asking for the representation of a particular situation using linear equations. The first statement says, 'The sum of two numbers is 10.' This is accurately represented by equation C, which is x + y = 10. The second statement can be corrected to 'The second number is five times the first number.' This is represented by equation B, which is y = 5x. Both conditions are met simultaneously by equations B and C together.