Final answer:
To create a bar graph with the vertical axis starting at 70 students, label the axes, draw the appropriate bars, and be aware that this starting point may exaggerate perceived differences between disciplines. Bar graphs compare various quantitative categories, and the scale choice affects how viewers interpret the data.
Step-by-step explanation:
To create a bar graph representing the number of students in scientific disciplines at a university with the vertical scale starting at 70 students, follow these steps:
Label the horizontal axis with the different scientific disciplines.
Label the vertical axis with numbers starting at 70 and going up in appropriate increments to accommodate the highest number of students in any discipline.
Draw a bar for each discipline representing the number of students, starting each bar at the value of 70 on the vertical axis.
Ensure that each bar is evenly spaced and that the height of the bars accurately reflects the number of students in comparison to the modified vertical scale.
Changing the minimum value of the vertical axis to 70 affects the perception of the difference in the number of students between the disciplines.
Starting the vertical scale at a number higher than zero can exaggerate the perceived differences.
The bars on the graph will look more similar in size than if the scale started at zero, potentially implying the disciplines have more equal numbers of students than they actually do.
Bar graphs can compare size, quantity, rates, distances, and other quantitative categories.
It's important to be conscientious of the impression that the scale and starting point can create for the viewer.
A scale that does not start at zero may make it difficult to understand the true proportions between the values shown.