Final answer:
The color of a solution changes depending on whether the colored solution is diluted, or if a chemical reaction causes a new substance, like a precipitate, to form. In a chemical reaction, pH changes may occur, and diffusion can evenly distribute molecules like food coloring in water. Light's interaction with objects or changes in resistance in an electrical circuit can also affect perceived or emitted color.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a green solution and a colorless solution are mixed, the resulting mixture has a pale green color. This indicates that the original color has been diluted, so the correct answer would be (A. The color becomes lighter). When two colorless solutions are mixed and a yellow precipitate is formed, this suggests a chemical change has occurred as evidenced by the color change from colorless to yellow and the formation of a solid substance within the solution.
Moreover, the pH of a solution might be affected depending on the nature of the chemicals involved. For example, if you mix vinegar (which is acidic) with baking soda (which is basic), the reaction will produce carbon dioxide gas, and the pH of the solution will initially increase due to the neutralizing effect of baking soda on the acid. However, once the available baking soda is consumed, the pH can plateau or even decrease.
In a different context, adding a few drops of food coloring to water will result in diffusion, where the color molecules spread out until they are evenly distributed, giving the water an even color throughout.
If you were to look at the cloth under white light, the blue color you observe comes from the light that is not absorbed by the cloth and is instead reflected into your eyes. Similarly, in an electrical circuit, if a variable resistor is adjusted increasing the resistance, less current flows through the lightbulb, and it will likely emit a spectrum closer to the red end, indicating that the bulb will emit (d. redder light).