Final Answer:
The success of self-help schemes, exemplified by the initiative in Orangi, and their impact on improving living conditions in slum areas depend on various factors. Community engagement, sustainable infrastructure development, and supportive governmental policies play pivotal roles. However, challenges such as economic constraints and the need for long-term commitment may limit their effectiveness.
Step-by-step explanation:
Self-help schemes like the one implemented in Orangi can significantly improve living conditions in slum areas when certain conditions are met. Community engagement is crucial, as active participation fosters a sense of ownership and ensures the sustainability of projects. Sustainable infrastructure development, including sanitation facilities and housing, addresses immediate needs and contributes to long-term improvements.
Key factors contributing to success include collaboration with local communities, capacity building, and the incorporation of culturally sensitive approaches. Supportive governmental policies are instrumental in providing resources, legal recognition, and an enabling environment for such initiatives to thrive.
However, limitations exist, including economic constraints that may hinder the implementation of comprehensive projects. Long-term commitment from all stakeholders is essential, and challenges such as political instability or shifting priorities can impede sustained progress.