Final answer:
Arabs during this time were connected through their government, culture, and language.
Step-by-step explanation:
The shared ties among most Arabs during this time can be understood through their government, culture, and language.
In terms of government, Arabs followed the patterns of Greek and Roman conquerors by colonizing the places they conquered. They built new cities on the Hellenistic and Roman model, with mosques serving as central spaces for discussion and various functions.
Culturally, Arabs shared a common identity based on a shared historical tradition and set of core beliefs provided by Islam. They embraced the Arabic language and adopted aspects of Islamic art, architecture, and dress.
The Arabic language played a crucial role in connecting Arabs during this time, being used for communication, administration, religious purposes, and scholarly pursuits.