Final answer:
During interphase, a cell grows, replicates DNA, and prepares for division in three stages: G1, S, and G2. Mitosis follows interphase, involving prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, where the cell's genetic material is equitably divided. The cell cycle concludes with cytokinesis, which divides the cytoplasm to form two separate cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
Cell Cycle: Interphase and Mitosis/Cytokinesis Overview
During interphase, a cell undergoes growth and DNA replication in preparation for division. Interphase consists of three stages: G1 (growth and preparation for DNA synthesis), S (DNA synthesis and replication), and G2 (final preparation for mitosis). During mitosis and cytokinesis—the M phase—a cell divides its duplicated genetic material and cytoplasm to form two daughter cells. Mitosis is subdivided into four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis, which physically splits the cell into two.
Interphase encompasses G1, where the cell grows and doubles organelles; S phase, where the DNA is duplicated; and G2, where the cell synthesizes proteins needed for cell division. After interphase, the cell enters the mitotic phase (M phase). During mitosis, the nucleus divides. In prophase, chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form. In metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equator. In anaphase, sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles. Telophase follows with the de-condensation of chromosomes and reformation of the nuclear membranes. Cytokinesis concludes the cell cycle by dividing the cytoplasm and creating two distinct cells.