Final answer:
The Texas State Constitution is the current constitution that regulates Texas government, featuring over 400 amendments and setting legislative sessions to occur every other year. It also limits the power of its governor and lieutenant governor in comparison to the broader federal executive power.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Constitution being described is the Texas State Constitution, which is indeed the constitution currently in operation. It limits the powers of the governor and lieutenant governor, has undergone over 400 amendments, and mandates that the Texas Legislature meets biennially.
The Texas State Constitution was adopted in 1876, and unlike the relatively unchanged U.S. Constitution, it has been heavily amended, thus showing a stark contrast in the stability and longevity of both documents. Due to the greater specificity of state constitutions as opposed to the federal constitution, states like Texas have undergone frequent amendments to address specific legal and policy issues.
Texas Government guidelines stipulate a separation of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, similar to the U.S. Constitution but adapted for state governance. The amendment process in Texas is controlled by the state legislature, demonstrating how different states might approach the adaptability and amendment of their governing documents. This is indicative of the relative ease with which state constitutions can be changed compared to the more rigorous process required to amend the U.S. Constitution.