Final answer:
George Washington's administration favored the Protective Tariff, which caused division among various economic interests in the country. Thomas Jefferson was involved in, but not solely responsible for, foreign policy decisions. The government paid back holders of government certificates, including speculators, at the full face value to maintain its creditworthiness.
Step-by-step explanation:
George Washington's administration, particularly through the influence of Alexander Hamilton, took a position in favor of the Protective Tariff. This tariff was designed to support domestic industries by making foreign goods more expensive, thus providing a boost to the emerging American economy. However, while it benefited Northern manufacturers, Southern plantation owners were against it due to the increased cost of imported goods and the fear of expanded federal power.
In regards to foreign policy, it is false to say that Thomas Jefferson alone handled relations with other nations, as foreign policy decisions were primarily the purview of President Washington along with his advisors, including Jefferson, who was the Secretary of State. Jefferson's efforts, specifically the use of economic pressure to influence Britain and France, were not wholly successful, ultimately leading to the War of 1812.
Regarding the repayment of domestic debt, under Hamilton's financial plan as outlined in the Public Report on Credit, it was argued that government certificates should be paid at the full face value to their current holders, which included speculators who had bought the certificates at a discounted rate from original owners. This was intended to ensure the credibility and financial reputation of the U.S. government.