Final answer:
A specific example of a heterogeneous catalyst is platinum in catalytic converters, while enzymes in biological systems are an example of a homogeneous catalyst. These catalysts are important because they increase the efficiency of chemical reactions and are widely used in industrial processes.
Step-by-step explanation:
A specific example of a heterogeneous catalyst is platinum in catalytic converters. The platinum surface in the catalytic converter helps to speed up the conversion of harmful pollutants in exhaust gases into less harmful substances.
On the other hand, a specific example of a homogeneous catalyst is enzymes in biological systems. Enzymes play a crucial role in biochemical reactions, such as breaking down food in our digestive system. They increase the rate of these reactions without being consumed in the process.
Heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts are important in the real world because they allow chemical reactions to occur more efficiently. They lower the activation energy required for a reaction to proceed, making it economically feasible and environmentally friendly to produce desired products. They are widely used in industrial processes, such as the production of chemicals, fuels, and pharmaceuticals.