Final answer:
The Great Compromise resolved the debate at the Constitutional Convention between large and small states over congressional representation by establishing a bicameral legislature with proportional representation in the House and equal representation in the Senate.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Great Compromise
At the Constitutional Convention, a significant debate arose between large states and small states regarding representation in Congress. The larger states argued for proportional representation based on population, while the smaller states sought equal representation. This debate was resolved by what is known as the Great Compromise, or the Connecticut Compromise. The Compromise established a bicameral legislature, with the House of Representatives providing proportional representation and the Senate granting equal representation, with two senators for each state regardless of its size. This dual system addressed the concerns of both sets of states, balancing the power between them and shaping the future governance of the United States.