Final answer:
All hydrogen bonds in water must be broken during the process of D) vaporization, which requires a substantial amount of energy to overcome the intermolecular forces.
Step-by-step explanation:
Only a small percentage of hydrogen bonds are broken when ice melts, but all of them must be broken during the process of vaporization. In the liquid state, water molecules can break and reform hydrogen bonds as they move around. As water changes to ice, these bonds become more rigid, forming a structured network. The transition from water to vapor, or vaporization, requires enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces keeping the water molecules together, breaking all hydrogen bonds and allowing the molecules to escape as gas.