Final answer:
The subtraction operator -(const Balance& balance) that has been declared for a class is being overloaded as a member function. It allows for custom behavior to be defined when subtracting objects of the Balance class.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Type of Function Overloaded
The subtraction operator -(const Balance& balance) that has been declared for a class is being overloaded as a
member function
. In C++, a member function is a function that is defined within a class and has access to the private members of the class. The declaration
Balance operator -(const Balance& balance)
indicates that this operator is a member function of the Balance class.
Explanation
When a subtraction operation is performed on objects of the Balance class, the overloaded operator -(const Balance& balance) will be called. This allows for custom behavior to be defined when subtracting two Balance objects. The function takes in a constant reference to another Balance object and returns a Balance object as the result of the subtraction. Inside the function, the private members of the class can be accessed and manipulated as needed to perform the subtraction.
Example:
Balance b1(100);
Balance b2(50);
Balance result = b1 - b2;
In this example, the subtraction operator -(const Balance& balance) is called when subtracting b2 from b1. The result will be a new Balance object holding the difference between b1 and b2.