Final answer:
The endocrine organs described are the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, pineal gland, parathyroid glands, and ovaries, which correspond to the functions and locations provided in the question respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Identification of Endocrine Organs
1. The endocrine organ located in the throat with a bilobed gland connected by an isthmus is the thyroid gland. It is a butterfly-shaped organ located anterior to the trachea and is involved in regulating metabolism, among other functions.
2. The gland found atop the kidney is the adrenal gland. These glands produce various hormones, including cortisol and adrenaline, which help control blood sugar, burn protein and fat, and react to stressors like a major illness or injury.
3. A mixed gland located close to the stomach and small intestine is the pancreas. This organ functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland, producing digestive enzymes as well as insulin and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar levels.
4. Found in the roof of the third ventricle of the brain is the pineal gland, which secretes melatonin and regulates sleep-wake cycles.
5. Glands that ride 'horseback' on the thyroid gland are the parathyroid glands. They are crucial in maintaining calcium levels in the blood and bone metabolism.
6. Located in the pelvic cavity of the female and concerned with ova and female hormone production are the ovaries. These glands produce estrogen and progesterone, which are vital for reproductive health.