Final answer:
Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension (A) increase the risk of arterial thrombosis due to atherosclerosis, while exercise and diets rich in nuts, whole grains, and vegetables reduce it.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question of which factor increases a person's risk of developing arterial thrombosis due to atherosclerosis is A. Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension. These conditions directly contribute to the formation of plaques in the arteries, which can lead to thrombosis by narrowing and obstructing blood flow.
Hypertension, defined as persistently elevated blood pressure, can cause injury to the artery walls, making them more susceptible to plaque buildup. Similarly, hyperlipidemia, which is a high level of fat particles (lipids) in the blood, contributes to the development of these fatty plaques. Therefore, managing these risk factors through lifestyle changes and medication is crucial.
On the contrary, options B, C, D, and E list healthy lifestyle choices that reduce the risk of atherosclerosis. Regular exercise, well-regulated blood sugar levels, and a diet rich in nuts, whole grains, and vegetables help to maintain a healthy cardiovascular system and prevent the development of atherosclerosis.