Final answer:
The low-pressure lymph flow is aided by hydrostatic pressure, smooth muscle pumping, and skeletal muscle action.
Step-by-step explanation:
The low-pressure lymph flow is aided by several forces:
- Hydrostatic pressure: As fluid exits capillaries and moves into tissues, the hydrostatic pressure in the interstitial fluid rises. This hydrostatic pressure, known as interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure (IFHP), helps to push the lymph through the lymphatic vessels.
- Smooth muscle pumping: The walls of lymphatic vessels contain smooth muscle, which contracts and relaxes to create rhythmic contractions. These contractions help propel the lymph forward.
- Skeletal muscle action: The movement of skeletal muscles during activities such as walking or exercising can compress the lymphatic vessels, pushing the lymph along its path.