Final answer:
The power transfer from monarchs to nobles and Parliament in Britain reflected centuries of historical evolution starting with the Magna Carta, through the feudal system, and culminating in the English civil wars and the Glorious Revolution, which established a constitutional monarchy with a Parliament that held significant legislative and fiscal authority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The transfer of power from rulers to nobles and then to Parliament in Britain was a gradual process influenced by various historical developments.
Initially, the Magna Carta in 1215 laid the groundwork for limiting the king's power and necessitating consultation with the nobles.
Over time, the Great Council evolved into a more inclusive Parliament that represented the interests of the various classes, including nobles, clergy, and commoners.
The rise of the feudal system in the ninth century established a hierarchy where nobles gained power through land ownership and protection services to the king.
Later, during the Industrial Revolution, Britain became a constitutional monarchy with a Parliament that, although not entirely democratic, had elected members and controlled taxation and legislation, thus restraining royal authority.
Political upheavals such as the English civil wars of the 1640s and the Glorious Revolution of 1688 further shifted power from the monarch to Parliament.
The execution of King Charles I and the overthrow of James II resulted in Parliamentary dominance in the government and set the precedent for a constitutional monarchy with a balance of power between the monarchy and the legislature.