Final answer:
The muckrakers and other progressives sought to solve the problem of political corruption and lack of public representation in the U.S. Senate, which led to the passage of the 17th Amendment. This amendment allowed for the direct election of senators by the people, rather than through appointment by state legislatures.
Step-by-step explanation:
The muckrakers were journalists and activists in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who aimed to address various societal issues, including political corruption. They played a significant role in spurring reform that led to the passage of the 17th Amendment in 1913. The 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution fundamentally changed how U.S. Senators were elected. Prior to its passage, senators were selected by state legislatures, a practice that led to corruption and inefficiency. The amendment mandated the direct election of U.S. senators by the people, ensuring a greater level of democracy and representation in the federal government. The need for the 17th Amendment arose due to a series of scandalous elections and government practices in the late 1800s and early 1900s. State legislators often chose senators based on personal connections rather than qualifications, undermining public trust and the democratic process. As a result, Progressives, including the Populist Party and well-known figures like William Jennings Bryan, pushed for reforms to end the appointment system and adopt the direct election of senators.