Final answer:
The Marbury v. Madison case expanded the power of the Supreme Court through the establishment of judicial review.
Step-by-step explanation:
The decision in the Marbury v. Madison case expanded the power of the Supreme Court through the establishment of judicial review. Although the Court ruled that it did not have the authority to issue Marbury a writ of mandamus, Chief Justice John Marshall stated that the provision in the Judiciary Act of 1789 granting the Court that power was unconstitutional. This decision asserted the Supreme Court's authority to review and potentially nullify acts of Congress, thus strengthening the Court's role as a check on the other branches of government.