Final answer:
The court ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland established the doctrine of implied powers and the principle of national supremacy, affirming the constitutionality of the Second Bank of the United States and preventing Maryland from taxing it.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Supreme Court's ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) is a seminal decision that affirmed the constitutionality of the Second Bank of the United States. It established two key principles: the doctrine of implied powers and the principle of national supremacy. The Court held that the federal government has certain implied powers that go beyond the enumerated powers listed in the Constitution, thanks to the necessary and proper clause. Furthermore, the Court ruled that state laws cannot impede federal laws and that the power to tax implies the power to destroy, thereby preventing Maryland from taxing the Bank. These decisions not only solidified the federal government's authority over state laws in such matters but also significantly bolstered its role in economic development.