Final answer:
The McCulloch v. Maryland Supreme Court case established the concept of implied powers and upheld the authority of the federal government to establish a national bank.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the McCulloch v. Maryland Supreme Court case, it was established that the national government has certain implied powers that are not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution. The case centered around the constitutionality of the Second Bank of the United States and whether Maryland could tax it at a high rate. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of the bank, asserting that the federal government had the power to establish a national bank and that states could not impede its legitimate actions.