Final answer:
To translate the parent function f(x) = 12x - 8 up by 5 units, we need to add 5 to the function. This will result in g(x) = 12x - 3.
Step-by-step explanation:
To translate the parent function f(x) = 12x - 8 up by 5 units, we need to add 5 to the function. This will result in g(x) = 12x - 8 + 5, which simplifies to g(x) = 12x - 3. Therefore, the correct answer is a. g(x) = 12x - 3.