Question

If a judge requests information on a convicted defendant's background, the probation or parole office will conduct a ________.

1) presumptive sentencing investigation
2) general deterrence investigation
3) probation investigation
4) presentence investigation

Answer 1

A judge requests a presentence investigation from the probation or parole office to gather information on a convicted defendant's background before sentencing. This report aids the judge in determining an appropriate sentence based on the defendant's history and the crime's specifics.

Step-by-step explanation:

If a judge requests information on a convicted defendant's background, the probation or parole office will conduct a presentence investigation. This process involves compiling a detailed report that includes the defendant's criminal history, personal background, and any other information relevant to sentencing. A presentence investigation is critical because it helps the judge make an informed decision regarding the defendant's sentence, ensuring it is appropriate based on the nature of the crime and the defendant's personal circumstances.

Prior to sentencing, courts may also consider deferred adjudication, where they postpone sentencing while the defendant is on probation. If the defendant successfully completes probation, charges could be reduced or expunged. This is different from parole, which occurs post-incarceration and involves supervision and strict guidelines to aid in reintegration and prevent recidivism.