Final answer:
Excessive diarrhea and vomiting in infants and elderly can lead to hypovolemic shock, a severe loss of fluids that requires immediate medical attention.
Step-by-step explanation:
In infants and elderly people, excessive diarrhea and vomiting can lead to hypovolemic shock. This condition is a type of circulatory shock caused by severe fluid loss, which can occur through excessive vomiting or diarrhea. Infants and elderly individuals are particularly susceptible due to their smaller body mass and potential for rapid dehydration. Hypovolemic shock may present with symptoms like rapid heart rate, weak pulse, cool skin, and rapid breathing. Emergency treatment typically involves intravenous fluids to restore hydration and medications to stabilize blood pressure.