Final answer:
The condition where active areas of the brain receive excessive blood flow over their aerobic requirements is known as hyperemia, which is reflected in choice A.
Step-by-step explanation:
When active areas of the brain receive excessive blood flow over their aerobic requirements, this condition is called hyperemia. The main answer is option A. Hyperemia is the increased blood flow to different tissues in the body. It can occur when there's increased metabolic activity, such as during exercise, or when there is a buildup of certain metabolic byproducts in an area, prompting the arterioles to dilate and thus increase blood flow. This situation contrasts with the myogenic response, which helps to prevent excessive blood flow and maintain homeostasis by constricting the arterioles when there's an increase in blood pressure.