Final answer:
Specific self-efficacy is a judgment about one's likelihood of successfully performing a task, measured right before attempting the task. It is crucial for motivation and persistence in the face of challenges.
Step-by-step explanation:
Specific self-efficacy is indeed a state-based expectation which reflects an individual's belief about the likelihood of successful performance on a specific task measured just before any effort is put forth on the given task. This concept was developed by Albert Bandura, who stated that motivation stems from the expectations we have about the outcomes of our behaviors, and the ability to engage in a behavior is contingent upon our belief in our own capabilities. High levels of self-efficacy are associated with a greater likelihood of taking on challenging tasks and persisting in the face of setbacks. Conversely, low self-efficacy can lead to avoidance of challenging tasks and a focus on potential failures.
For example, a student who has a strong belief in their abilities to succeed in math will approach math problems with confidence and persistence, seeing difficult problems as challenges to be overcome, not barriers to success. This belief in one's own ability to succeed is central to self-regulation, achievement, and academic performance.