Final answer:
Polyploidy is a condition in which an organism has more than the normal number of chromosome sets. It is extremely rare in animals but common in plants, where it often enhances size and robustness.
Step-by-step explanation:
A condition in which an organism has more than the normal number of chromosome sets (two for diploid species) is called polyploidy. Polyploid animals are extremely rare, with only a few examples among the flatworms, crustaceans, amphibians, fish, and lizards. In contrast, polyploidy is very common in the plant kingdom, and polyploid plants tend to be larger and more robust than individuals with the normal number of chromosomes.