Final answer:
The three major areas in intervention for presymbolic and minimally symbolic children are the child, the environment, and the interaction. These areas align with symbolic interactionism, highlighting how language development is influenced by social interactions and how interventions that enrich these interactions can lead to language acquisition and cognitive development. The correct answer is option 1).
Step-by-step explanation:
The three major areas to be addressed in intervention with presymbolic and minimally symbolic children are: the child, the environment, and the interaction. This approach aligns with the principles of symbolic interactionism, which places emphasis on the daily interactions and social constructs formed through communication and symbolic exchanges. For presymbolic and minimally symbolic children, creating an engaging environment, fostering meaningful interactions, and focusing on the individual child's needs are essential for facilitating language acquisition and cognitive development. Experts suggest that interactive interventions, such as those that involve language-rich environments and the mixing of children from diverse backgrounds in classroom settings, can lead to significant gains in language skills for these children.
Symbolic interactionists consider language to be a social construction of reality, and children acquire proficiency in language through their interactions with caregivers and their social environments. Language acquisition is influenced by both environmental and biological factors, and occurs effortlessly during the early stages of life. Preschool children, who think symbolically, could greatly benefit from environments that promote language growth and cognitive development through rich social interactions and interventions.