Final answer:
US historians replaced the theory of determination with a new theory between 1940 and 1960 to explain the "failure" of Latin America. The new theory, known as the "bottom-up" history, argued that the desires of the "lower sort" in colonial society influenced the revolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The new theory that US historians replaced the theory of determination with between 1940 and 1960 to explain the "failure" of Latin America argued that the desires of the "lower sort" in colonial society influenced the revolution. This theory, known as the "bottom-up" history, redirected research to non-elite groups such as militia members and artisans.