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Which of the following statements about friction are true?

1) The force of static friction between a stationary object and a floor has a fixed magnitude, independent of how hard the object is being pushed.
2) The force of kinetic friction between a moving object and a floor has a fixed magnitude, independent of how fast the object is moving.
3) The force of static friction is always less than the force of kinetic friction between two specific objects.
4) Cannot be determined

1 Answer

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Final answer:

The statement that the force of kinetic friction has a fixed magnitude independent of the object's velocity is true. However, the statement that the force of static friction is a fixed magnitude and that it is always less than the force of kinetic friction is false.

Step-by-step explanation:

When analyzing the given statements about friction, we must apply what we understand about both static and kinetic friction. Statement 1 is incorrect because the force of static friction has a maximum value but it is not fixed; it can be less, depending on how hard the object is being pushed. Statement 2 is true; the force of kinetic friction does indeed have a fixed magnitude that is independent of the speed of the object. Statement 3 is false; the force of static friction is typically stronger than the force of kinetic friction. Therefore, options 1 and 3 are not correct, while option 2 is correct and option 4 is not applicable since we can determine the truth of the statements.

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