Final answer:
Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, ruled Egypt from 1279 to 1213 BCE, marking a period of military and architectural achievements, including the Great Temple of Abu Simbel, during Egypt's New Kingdom.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Pharaoh Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, was the most renowned ruler of Egypt's New Kingdom and the last great pharaoh of this era. He ascended to the throne after the death of Horemheb and ruled Egypt for more than sixty-five years from 1279 to 1213 BCE. His reign was marked by military campaigns, including conflicts with the Hittites, and extensive building projects like the construction of the Great Temple of Abu Simbel.
Ramesses II's long rule allowed him to engage in many military campaigns, such as the renowned battle against the empire to the north, the Hittites. His successful reign also included shaping a powerful and wealthy empire capable of undertaking massive construction projects, which served to further cement his legacy. The pharaoh’s accomplishments during his reign were so significant that he managed to build a new capital called Pi-Ramesse and expand the Egyptian empire while establishing himself as a figure of great power and influence.