To record the estimate for bad debts, the adjustment needed for the allowance for doubtful accounts is a credit of $81,309.
To record the estimate for bad debts, we need to calculate the amount of uncollectible sales. We can start by finding the total sales returns and allowances, which is $20,310. Then, we can calculate the net sales by subtracting the sales returns and allowances from the total sales: $986,356 - $20,310 = $966,046. Next, we need to find the amount of uncollectible sales by multiplying the net sales by the percentage of uncollectible sales: $966,046 * 0.09 = $86,944. Lastly, we can calculate the adjustment needed for the allowance for doubtful accounts by subtracting the existing credit balance from the amount of uncollectible sales: $86,944 - $5,635 = $81,309.