Final answer:
To prepare a 500 mL IV solution that is 4 times more diluted than the 0.154 M solution, you would need to add 125 mL of the 0.154 M solution to 375 mL of distilled water.
Step-by-step explanation:
The next patient needs a saline solution that is 4 times more diluted than the 0.154 M solution. To prepare a 500 mL IV solution, you would need to add 125 mL of the 0.154 M solution to 375 mL of distilled water. This ensures that the solution is 4 times more diluted than the original concentration.