Final answer:
The correct option is B). Adding more eluting solvent before the sample reaches the level of the alumina will result in reduced separation efficiency in chromatographic processes, as it disrupts the proper interaction between the sample and the stationary phase.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effect of adding more eluting solvent before the level of the sample has dropped to the level of alumina would be B. Reduced separation efficiency. In chromatography, the solvent is used to elute the sample through the stationary phase. If solvent is added too early, it can disrupt the proper development of the chromatographic bands, leading to a decreased resolution between the components in the mixture. Proper chromatographic separation relies on letting the sample mixture components interact with the stationary phase adequately before moving them further along with the eluent. Adding more solvent prematurely could cause premature elution or co-elution of components that should be separated, reducing the separation efficiency of the process.