Final answer:
Common salt and ammonia are separated by distillation, which leverages the difference in their boiling points, allowing the more volatile ammonia to be vaporized, condensed, and collected separately from the salt.
Step-by-step explanation:
Common salt (sodium chloride) and ammonia can be separated through a process called distillation. This method is effective because it utilizes the differences in boiling points, which means the component with the lower boiling point (in this case, ammonia) will vaporize first. The vapor then gets condensed back into a liquid in a water-cooled condenser and collected in a separate flask while the other component (common salt) remains in the distillation flask.