Final answer:
Early arguments during the Scientific Revolution revolved around the validity of geocentrism, with figures like Copernicus challenging deeply rooted philosophical and theological beliefs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The first arguments during the Scientific Revolution were primarily about the validity of geocentrism. Copernicus challenged the long-standing beliefs of the geocentric model, which were deeply entwined with philosophical traditions and defended by the Catholic Church. At the time, philosophical reasoning was often seen as more convincing than empirical evidence, and experiments did not carry much weight against the established thought of philosophers like Aristotle.