Question

Bandura proposed the idea that personality is shaped by continuous interactions between context, learning, and thinking. This idea, which accounts for shifts in personality due to maturation and experience,

is called
O a. reciprocal determinism
Ob.fatalism
Oc behaviorism
O d. determinism

Answer 1

Bandura's concept that suggests personality is shaped by the continuous interaction between behavior, cognitive processes, and context is called reciprocal determinism.

Step-by-step explanation:

The concept that Bandura proposed, which accounts for shifts in personality due to maturation and experience, is called reciprocal determinism. This idea is a central element of Bandura's social-cognitive theory, which suggests that our behavior, cognitive processes (like thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes), and the situational context all influence each other continuously. In other words, each factor influences and is influenced by the others. According to Bandura, cognitive processes are based on previous learning and include personality traits and expectations; behavior is how we act, which can be rewarded or punished; and context refers to the environment around us. These three aspects are constantly interacting, making our personalities dynamic rather than something that is fixed and unchanging.

Answer 2

Albert Bandura proposed that personality is shaped through a concept called reciprocal determinism. This concept is part of the broader social-cognitive theory, and it suggests that personal factors, behaviors, and environmental context interact and influence each other to shape an individual's personality.

Step-by-step explanation:

Albert Bandura's contribution to personality psychology includes the concept of reciprocal determinism, as part of his social-cognitive theory. Reciprocal determinism is the idea that our personality is shaped by the continuous, bi-directional interactions between our cognition (thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes), our behaviors, and the environmental context. Unlike B. F. Skinner's behaviorism, which emphasizes the environment's role in shaping behavior, reciprocal determinism accounts for human cognition and the personal influence we exert on our surroundings.

Bandura asserted that our behavior, cognitive processes (like self-efficacy), and situational context all influence each other. Cognitive processes include our learned characteristics, such as beliefs and personality traits. Behavior encompasses our actions that could be subject to rewards or punishments, while context refers to the environmental or situational elements that influence these behaviors. Together, these elements of reciprocal determinism demonstrate a sophisticated understanding of personality development and learning that accounts for both the influence of the environment and personal factors like cognition and self-efficacy.