Final answer:
Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens and can be treated with medications. STDs are infections spread through sexual contact and can be prevented with safe sexual practices. Noninfectious diseases like diabetes and cancer require various treatments and prevention strategies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Health-Related Illnesses and Their Treatment:
1. Infectious Diseases
Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. These diseases can be transmitted through direct contact, respiratory droplets, contaminated food or water, and vectors like mosquitoes and ticks. Treatment for infectious diseases may include antibiotics, antiviral medications, antifungals, and antiparasitic drugs. Preventive measures like vaccination, good hygiene practices, and avoiding contact with sick individuals help reduce the risk of infectious diseases.
2. Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
STDs are infections spread through sexual contact. Examples include genital herpes, HPV, and HIV. Treatment options depend on the specific infection and may include antiviral or antiretroviral medications. Prevention strategies include abstinence, using barrier methods like condoms, regular screenings, and practicing safe sexual behaviors.
3. Noninfectious Diseases
Noninfectious diseases are not caused by pathogens and include conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cystic fibrosis, and cancer. Treatment for noninfectious diseases varies but may involve medication, surgery, lifestyle changes, and therapies. Prevention focuses on managing risk factors like a healthy diet, regular exercise, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, and routine screenings.