Final answer:
The shared belief between the Communist and Socialist parties is government ownership of means of production, opposed to free-market capitalism and aimed at reducing income inequality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The belief shared by the Communist Party and the Socialist Party is B. Government ownership of means of production. Both ideologies advocate for the means of production, such as factories and farms, to be owned by the public sector, typically the government. This is meant to remove the income inequality that arises from private ownership and ensure that the wealth generated benefits society as a whole. While there are variations within socialism regarding the extent of government control and the level of centralization, both communism and socialism fundamentally oppose free-market capitalism as represented in A, reject the idea of maintaining a strict class hierarchy as in C, and do not inherently require autocratic rule as suggested in D.
The belief shared by both the Communist Party and the Socialist Party is Government ownership of means of production. In communism, the government owns and controls all means of production, while in socialism, the government owns and manages basic resources. This is in contrast to free-market capitalism, which promotes private ownership and minimal government intervention.