Final answer:
The final temperature of 12 g of water at 30°C after absorbing 2000 joules of heat is approximately 69.8°C, calculated using the specific heat capacity equation.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the final temperature of 12 g of water initially at 30 °C after it absorbs 2000 joules of heat, we use the specific heat capacity equation: q = mcΔT, where q is the amount of heat in joules, m is the mass of the water in grams, c is the specific heat capacity of water, and ΔT is the change in temperature.
The specific heat capacity of water (c) is 4.184 J/g°C. So the change in temperature (ΔT) can be found by rearranging the equation to ΔT = q / (mc). Plugging in the known values gives us ΔT = 2000 J / (12 g × 4.184 J/g°C), which equals approximately 39.8°C. Therefore, the final temperature of the water is 30°C + 39.8°C = 69.8°C (to one decimal place).