Final answer:
In chemical reactions, both mass and the type of atoms are conserved, but in nuclear reactions, while nucleons are conserved, mass is not due to conversion into energy and atoms can change type.
Step-by-step explanation:
When considering the statements, 'mass is conserved during the reaction' and 'type of atoms are conserved during the reaction,' we need to examine both chemical and nuclear reactions separately. In chemical reactions, both statements hold true; the law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction, and the type of atoms remains the same, though they may be rearranged to form new compounds. An example would be burning charcoal in oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water vapor, and ash, where the mass of the products equals the mass of the reactants. On the other hand, in nuclear reactions, these statements do not necessarily hold true. While the number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) is conserved, the mass can change due to the conversion of mass into energy, as explained by Einstein's equation E = mc². Therefore, statement 2 is not accurate for nuclear reactions since atoms can change their type through nuclear reactions.