Final answer:
In the chemical reaction where 10 grams of baking soda are mixed with 15 grams of vinegar, not all the mass becomes bubbly liquid due to the production of carbon dioxide gas. The pH of the solution after mixing increases towards neutral as the acid-base reaction neutralizes some of the acid.
Step-by-step explanation:
When 10 grams of baking soda powder and 15 grams of liquid vinegar are mixed together, a chemical reaction occurs that produces carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt such as sodium acetate. The mass of bubbly liquid made is not just a simple addition of the masses of baking soda and vinegar because part of the reactants is converted into gaseous carbon dioxide which escapes into the atmosphere. The law of conservation of mass dictates that the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products, including both the liquid and the gas produced in the reaction.
The reaction between baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and vinegar (acetic acid) is as follows:
NaHCO₃(aq) + CH₃COOH(aq) → CO₂(g) + H₂O(l) + NaCH₃COO(aq)
As for the pH of the solution, it increases after mixing vinegar and baking soda. This is due to the neutralizing reaction between the acidic vinegar and the basic baking soda, moving the pH closer to neutral. However, the exact final pH level would depend on the concentrations of the reactants and the extent to which they have reacted.