Final answer:
Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, is traditionally known as the pharaoh of the Exodus, famous for his military conquests, construction of the Great Temple of Abu Simbel, and his long rule that saw Egypt become a superpower of the Mediterranean.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is Ramesses II who is traditionally known as the pharaoh of the Exodus. During the New Kingdom period of ancient Egypt, amongst the most famous pharaohs such as Hatshepsut and Tutankhamun, Ramesses II, also known as Ramesses the Great, stood out for his military conquests and monumental architectural achievements. His impressive military and building campaigns aimed to restore Egypt to its former glory during his reign from 1279 to 1213 BCE, as well as to expand Egyptian power. His rule was marked by numerous military campaigns against the Hittites, the construction of the Great Temple of Abu Simbel, and the establishment of a peace treaty with the Hittites that was facilitated after the battle of Qadesh.
Ramesses II is often associated with the biblical narrative of the Exodus because of his monumental building projects and the prosperity during his reign, although historical evidence directly linking him to the Exodus is not definitive. The pharaoh oversaw massive construction projects, including his new capital, Pi-Ramesse, which housed impressive monuments and reliefs. The grandeur of his rule is epitomized by the colossal statues and temples built to honor him, reflecting the wealth and power of Egypt during this time.